Steam-boiler or hot-water heater



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A. BOYCE. STEAM BOILER 0R HOT WATER HEATER.

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A. BOYCE.

STEAM BOILER 0R HOT WATER HEATER. No. 497,625.

Patented May 16, 1893.

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ARTHUR BoYcE, on ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

STEAM-LBOILER OR HOT-WATER HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 497,625, dated May 16, 1893.

Application filed February 6, 1893. Serial No. 461.092. (No model.)

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR BoYcE, of the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers or Hot-Water Heaters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to a steam boiler or Water heater and consi ts in the novel arrangement and combination of parts, as will be more fully hereinafter described and ties ignated in the claims.

The object of myinvention is to provide a improved device for use in heating buildings by either hot-water or steam, and for general use as a steam-boiler, which shall be very economical in the consumption of fuel, of low cost and simple in construction and operation.

In the drawings: Figurel is a front detail. elevation of the heater complete.

Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view of my complete invention taken on a line A--A in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan sectional view taken on a line EB in Fig. 2. Fig.4 is a plan sectional view taken on a line CO in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a plan sectional View taken on a line DD in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a plan sectional View taken on a line EE in Fig. 2.

Referring to the drawings: 1 indicates my complete invention, the exterior casing of which consists of three rectangular metallic casing frames 2, 3 and 4 secured upon a base 5 similar in outline to the casings surmounting the same, and a top or cap 6 which is socured to the top casing 4. The base 5 consists of a rectangular casting of the. same outline and dimensions as the frame 2, at its upper portion, but is outwardly flaring on all sides to the foundation 7 upon which it rests, said foundation 7 embodying the parts not shown in the drawings, but which incloses the ashes-chamber, grate bars, 850., said grate bars being partly shown and indicated by the numeral 8. Said grate bars 8 are secured over an opening 9 in the top of the foundation casting 7, said'opening being surrounded on three sides by a fire lining 10.

Ext-ending upwardly around the opening 9 exterior of the lining 10, and upon four sides of same are corrugated metallic walls 11, surmounted at the top by a plate 12, which forms together with said walls 11 the fire chamber 13. In the front wall 11 of the fire chamber 13 is a rectangular opening 14 surrounded, by a wall 15 upon the four sides, said well 15 leading to and forminga part of the front Wall of the base casting 5, and forming an entrance to the fire chamber 13, said opening normally being closed by a fire door 16. The

opening 14 in the front wall 11 is located in-' termediate of the height and width of sail wall 11, and by particular reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the chamber or space 17 entirely surrounds the wall 15 and also the chamber 13. This chamber, when the heater is in use, acts very efficiently upon the water to be heated and it is found that a greater amount of heat will be given to the water, owingto the heating surface attained by the use of the fire chamber located within the outer walls of the base 5. The object of having the Walls 11 of the fire chamber 13 corrugated, is in order that the heating surface will be increased over the amount that would be had if the walls were perfectly plain. The

base section 5 is provided upon each of its upper corners with projecting lugs 18, and upon the four sides of same and merging into said lugs are upwardly projecting flanges 19.

The casing section 2 is provided with lugs 20 upon each of its lower four corners and with lugs 21 upon each of its upper four corners, the lugs 21 being connected by upwardly projecting flanges 22 similar to the flanges 19. The casing section 3 is provided with similar lugs 23 upon its lower corners, lugs 24 upon its uppers corners, and flanges 25 connecting said lugs 24 this construction being similar to the construction of the section 2. The upper section 4 is provided with lugs 26 upon its lower corner lugs 27, upon its upper corners and flanges 28 connecting said lugs 27.

' It will now be seen that each of the sections are adapted to have their lower ends fit within the flanges upon the next lower casing to form a water and airtight construction. Bolts 29 are placed through the lugs 18 and 20 upon the base 5 and adjoining section 2, through the lugs 21 and 23 upon the adjoining sections 3 and 4. The top 6 is different in construction from the section in that it provides a cap for the entire heater.

The top plate of the cap 6 is provided with six openings, screw threaded and adapted to receive the distributing or discharge pipes 31 which are secured therein. Said cap 6 is provided with four projecting lugs 32 upon its lower corners, which are adapted to engage the lugs 27 upon the upper corners of the section 4 and be secured thereto by bolts 29. It will now be seen that the easing of the heater is complete, and in this instance consists of three intermediate sections between the base and cap. In this connection it is desired to state that the number of sections used is immaterial, as this is a matter to be regulated by the size required, the additional height of course increasing the heating capacity of the heater.

Projecting inwardly from the rear wall of the base frame 5 at its upper edge and in a line with the flange 19 is a horizontal plate 32, which connects with the side walls of said base section 5 and extends inwardly about one third the distance between the front and back walls. This plate has an upwardly projecting flange 33 along its inner edge,which is adapted to engage a similar flange 34 upon aplate 35, which projects inwardly from the lower rear edge of the section 2 and in alignment with said plate 32. This construction leaves a narrow space between the two plates 32 and 35 and a gasket is placed between the two flanges 33 and 34 and on a line somewhat below that of the plate 32 is a plate 36, having an upwardly projecting flange 37 upon its inner end, said plate 37 projecting to a point near the ends of said plates 32 and 35, leaving a water passage between the same.

Projecting inwardly from the front wall of the section 2 and on a line above the plate 35, is a plate 38, having a flange 39 upon its inner end adapted to meet the flange 37 upon the plate 36. This construction leaves a chamber 40 into which the soot and sediment accruingin the pipes will accumulate, and from which said accumulation may be cleaned by the insertion of the necessary tools through an opening 41 in the front of the casing, said opening being provided both by the section 2 and base section 5, and normally closed by a door 42. Intermediate of the sides of said casing and adjoining the flanges 33 and 37 and 34 and 39 respectively are webs 43 to sup port the interiorly projecting plates. It will thus be seen that formed with the base frame 5 is the plate 32, flange 33, one-half of the web 43, the flange 37 and plate 36, and formed with the section 2 is-the plate 35, flange 34, the remaining half of the web 43, the flange 39 and theplate 38.

In the forward corners of the plates 36 and 38 are openings 44, surrounded by castings 45, which meet at a point in alignment with the meeting of the flanges 33373439. The openings 46 between the webs 43 form a passage for the heated water as do also the openings 44 in the front corners of the construction.

On a line a little below the meeting point of the sections 2 and 3 and forming what might be termed the top of said section 2, is a plate 47 which connects all four sides of the section, and located so as to form the bottom of the section 3 is a plate 48 which is provided with two downwardly projecting flanges 49, equi-dis tant between the front and back of said casing and adapted to engage said plate 47. One of said flanges 49 is located in vertical alignment with the webs 43 and the other is located above a point intermediate of the length of the soot chamber 40. Three small and distinct chambers 50 are formed between the said flanges and the front and back walls of the casing. In the rear corners of said plates 47 and 48 are openings, which are surrounded and outlined by meeting flanges 52 upon both of said plates 47 and 48. A plate 53 is located in the top of said section 3 and a plate 54 with flanges 55 in the bottom of said section 4, and as these plates and flanges are similar in outline and construction to the plates 47 and 48 and the flanges 49, they will be given no further explanation other than that chambers 56 are formed between said flanges and front and rear walls similar to the chamber 50 before described.

Located near the top of the section 4 and projecting rearwardly from the front wall of same is a plate 57, which connects the two side walls together. As above stated said plate 57 does not extend quite to the rear wall of the casing, but at a point some distance from the same is an upwardly projecting flange 58, which is adapted to engage a flange 59 on the under side of the plate 60 similar in size to the plate 57, said plate 60 being cast in the cap section 6. Two openings 61 insaid plates 60 and 57 are surrounded by castings 62 projecting inwardly from the side walls, thus leaving an opening 63 between the said castings 62, which is used to facilitate a draft when starting a fire in the fire chamber 13. This passage or opening 63 is normally closed by a damper plate 64 secured upon a damper rod 65, which has bearings in the sides of the casing section 4 and provided upon one projecting end with a manipulating handle 66, by 1meansof which it is opened or closed at wil An opening 67 intermediate of the sides of the construction is provided both by the casing 4 and the cap 6, as shown in Fig. 2. Said opening 67 might be termed the smoke outlet, as the same leads to the chimney.

Secured upon both the sections 4 and o is a plate 68 which merges into an upwardly projecting casting 69, which forms a passage for the smoke from the opening 67. The front 70 of said casting (59 is provided with ahinged' vertical portion of the casting 69 is surrounded IIO by a flange 73 to which the smoke stack may be secured. The exterior construction ofthe heater is now complete, with the addition of the inlet pipes 74, which lead into one of the side walls of the base 5, thus bringing in the water at one side of the fire chamber 13.

Leadingupwardly from the top plate 12 of the fire chamber 13, and into the plate 32 isa series of pipes 75, and leading from the plate 35 upwardly to'the plate 47 and in alignment with said pipe are a series of'pipes 76.

Leading up from the plate 48 and into the plate 53 is a series of pipes 77 in alignment with the pipes 75 and 76, and leading upwardly from a plate 53 to a plate 57 is a series of pipes 78 in the same alignment. The pipes 76, 77'and 78 extend entirely across the width of the heater, as shown particularly in the sectional figures.

Leading upwardly from the top plate 38 of the soot chamber 40 and into the plate 47 is a series of pipes 70, and from the plate 48 upwardly to the plate 53 is a series of pipes 80 in alignment with said pipes 79, and from the plate 54 upwardly to the plate 57 is a series of pipes 81 in the same alignment and extending entirely across the width of the heater,

as do the 'pipes 76, 77 and-78. The last mentioned series of pipes are located relatively intermediate of the front and back Walls of the heater as shown in' Fig. 2.

Leading upwardly from the plate 38 and into the plate 47 is a series of pipes 82, another series of pipes 83 leading from the plate 48 to the plate 53, and an additional series 84 from the plate 54 to the plate 57, all in vertical alignment and between said pipes 79, 80 and 81 and the front wall of the heater. It will be seen therefore that the pipes really lead from the fire chamber up to the smoke chamber 85 formed between the plates 57 and 60, thence downwardlyfrom' said chamber 85 to the soot chamber 40. It will now be seen that the pipes 7 5, 7 6,7 7 and 78 lead the smoke and heat from the fire chamber 13 upwardly to the smoke chamber 85'formed between the plates 57 and .60, the pipes 81,80 and 79 respectively, leading the smoke and heat from said chamber 85 downwardly into the soot chamber 40, and the pipes 82, 83 and 84 carry the heat and smoke from said soot chamber 40 to the chamber 86 also formed between said plates 57 and 60, and in direct connection with the smoke outlet. The water 00- cupies the entire balance of the space within the casing formed as above described and circulates freely around the pipes and readily flows from one section to another through the various openings described. Of course the majorityof the heat is given to the water directly adjacent the fire chamber 13, but the effect of this water risingfrom its increased temperature assists in the heating-of the water throughout the heater, this heating function being further facilitated by the heat carried through the pipes as above stated.

The arrows shown in Fig. 2 will particularly enable the reader to gain a clearer understanding of the smoke and the water lines in the same figure affect the normal position of the water as it fills the various spaces and compartments. The fact that the high temperature given to the water causes it to rise, and the continuous flow of sameupwardly through the pipes 31 and throughout the base plate and back into the heater through the pipes 7 4 gives a continuous heating surface th roughout the building of nearly even temperature. It will now be seen that superior heating facilities are afforded by the improved'construction of my water heater, as the large amount of heating surface presented by the pipes and also the heat imparted to the various plates by their connection with said pipes guarantees the thorough heating of the waterthroughout all the chambers formed by the construction.

-I do not wish to confine myself to the use of my invention solely as a water heater, for the same could be used'under the head of steam heater without in any way aife cting' the material idea of my invention, but if the same were used as a steam heater it would of course be necessary to provide precautionary appliances to regulate the amount of water in the heater and to prevent any accidents.

Having fully described my invention, what Iclaiinis- I 1. An improved steam boiler or water heater comprising a number of sectional rectangular shaped frames mounted upon and bolted to each other upon a base section, a soot chamber formed by inwardly projecting plates" of the same width as the heater, projecting flanges upon the extremities of said plates'to form'said chamber, said plates cast with adjoining sections, asi milarly constructed smoke chamber adjacent the top of a heater, pipes leading to and connecting said plates and forming passages for the functions of the smoke and heat to increase the temperature .of the water circulating around said pipes and plates, and a number of inletand outlet pipes connecting with said heater for the circulation of the heated water orsteam throughout a building, substantially as set forth.

2. The improved steam-boiler or water-heater, constructed with an exterior shell, a fire pot, a chamber at the top, a chamber above said fire-pot but distinct therefrom,'a series of long fire-passages surrounded by Water- 3. An improvedsteam boiler or waterheater having a series of chambers located one above the other, plates formed with sectional casings and separating said chambers, pipes connecting said plates and forming continuous passages from the fire chamber upwardly to a heating chamber, thence downwardly to a soot chamber and upwardly to the smoke outlet, said pipes heated by the combustion of materials located in the said fire chamber, grate-bars located in the base section, an ashes chamber under said grate-bars, a firing entrance to said fire chamber, the walls of said fire chamber corrugated to present additional heating surface, and the heated surface presented throughoutthe heater adapted to increase the temperature of the water circulating around the heated parts and elevate the same through the outlet pipes, substantially as set forth.

4. In a steam-boiler or water-heater, the combination, with an exterior shell, of a fire-chamber located in the base of the shell, a soot chamber located above the top of the firechamber, chambers 85 and 86,a series of flues communicating with the fire-chamber and V chamber 85, a series of flues communicating with the chamber 85 and the soot-chamber, and a series of fines communicating with the latter and the chamber 86; substantially as set forth.

a 5. Inasteam-boiler or water-heater, the com bination, with an exterior shell, a fire-chamber, and chambers 85 and 86, a series of flues connecting the fire-chamber andchamber 86, and two series of fines opening at their upper ends respectively into the chambers 85 and 86, of a soot-chamber connecting the lower ends of said flues,and a door provided at the outer end of the soot-chamber; substantially as and for the purpose set forth. a

6. In a steam-boiler or water-heater, the combination, with an exterior shell, chambers 13, 40, 85 and 86, the latter chamber 86 communicating with the smoke-flue, a series of fines connecting the chambers 13 and 85, a series of flues connecting the chambers 85 and 40, and a series of fines connecting the chambers 40 and 86, of an adjustable damper 64 interposed between the chambers 85 and 86 and adapted when closed to form the division wall between said chambers; substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR ROYCE.

\Vitnessesz,

HERBERT S. ROBINSON, ALFRED A. EICKS. 

